2021 PRSEF Winners
Check out the 2021 PRSEF Winners’ Gallery 
to view projects from first place category award winners, ISEF finalists, and Carnegie Science Awards recipients.
Regeneron International Science And Engineering Fair (ISEF) Nominees |
| Michael Gao – North Hills Senior High School Activation of Novel Autophagy Pathways to Protect Hepatocyte Injury by Chloroquine |
| Zoe Lakkis – Fox Chapel Area High School Data Mining to Identify Therapeutic Targets for Rejection |
| Steven Liu – Shady Side Academy Senior School Optimizing Nannochloropsis Growing Conditions for Biodiesel Production Through Analysis of Lipid Content |
| Natalie McGee – Mt Lebanon Senior High School Examining the Effects of Marine Microplastics on Porifera Microbial Filtration |
| Andrew Ni – Pine-Richland High School Interleukin-33 promotes Th17 cell clonal expansion in the B16 tumor microenvironment |
| Rajan Reddy – Winchester Thurston School Activation of Pregnane X Receptor for Xenobiotic Detoxification: A Novel Approach to Targeting Pollution-Related Diseases |
| Arvind Seshan – Fox Chapel Area High School Enabling High-Accuracy Human Activity Recognition with Fine-Grained Indoor Localization |
Carnegie Science Award Winners |
Junior Division |
| Nolan Althof – Queen of Angels Catholic School Is Child Proof Actually Child Proof? |
Intermediate Division |
| Mason Roberts – Campus School of Carlow University How do variations in a police lineup affect eyewitness identification accuracy? |
Senior Division |
| Walter Vinoski – Yough Senior High School Bassoon Double Reed Analytics |
Rob And Diane Thompson Scholarship Award Winners |
Diane Thompson Scholarship Award |
| Braden Thomas – Cambria Heights Senior High School Applying Personal Protective Equipment – The Donning Dock |
Rob Thompson Scholarship Award |
| Hannah Barsouk – Pittsburgh Allderdice High School Cross-Species Complementation Experiment Exploring the Role of Mammalian α-Arrestins in Glucose Transporter Trafficking |
Category Award Winners |
Senior Division Biology
|
First |
| Andrew Ni – Pine-Richland High School Interleukin-33 promotes Th17 cell clonal expansion in the B16 tumor microenvironment |
Second |
| Rajan Reddy – Winchester Thurston School Activation of Pregnane X Receptor for Xenobiotic Detoxification: A Novel Approach to Targeting Pollution-Related Diseases |
Third |
| Leeann Parsi – St Joseph School Identification of Mutations in the 5` Untranslated Region of the Sars-CoV-2 Genome |
Fourth |
| Erika Rispoli – Ellis School Understanding mechanisms of MDD: model extension of the BDNF-NFκB pathway using VIOLIN |
| Maxim Yaskolko – Pittsburgh Allderdice High School Effects of Vascular Normalizing Agents on Immune Marker Expression in T cells, Dendritic Cells, and Melanoma Cells |
Senior Division Behavioral & Social Science
|
First |
| Anita Bhat – Freeport Area Senior High School The Influence of Colored Light Frequency on Ambiguous Image Perception |
Second |
| Hannah Shin – North Allegheny Senior High School Fearfully Forgetful: Intersectional Genomic Analysis of Alzheimer’s Disease and Anxiety |
Third |
| Nathaniel Sirlin – Pittsburgh Allderdice High School Perceived Accuracy and Sharing Intentions of COVID-19 Headlines |
Fourth |
| Audra Moore – Indiana Area Senior High School Impact of Mask Wearing on Facial Expression Recognition |
| Teadora Gildengers – Pittsburgh Allderdice High School Common Types of Errors Among Spanish-English Heritage Bilinguals in Noisy Environments |
Senior Division Chemistry
|
First |
| Steven Liu – Shady Side Academy Senior School Optimizing Nannochloropsis Growing Conditions for Biodiesel Production Through Analysis of Lipid Content |
Second |
| Eleanor Barth-Wu – Ellis School Accelerated disintegration of single-use face masks into microplastic fibers |
Third |
| Smrithi Shyam – Shady Side Academy Senior School Extracting Amygdalin (a cyanide precursor) from Various Fruit Seeds |
Fourth |
| Grace Wang – Franklin Regional Middle School/Franklin Regional High School Designing Effective Superabsorbent Beads Using Photopolymerization 3D printing |
Senior Division Computer Science / Math
|
First |
| Arvind Seshan – Fox Chapel Area High School Enabling High-Accuracy Human Activity Recognition with Fine-Grained Indoor Localization |
Second |
| Zoe Lakkis – Fox Chapel Area High School Data Mining to Identify Therapeutic Targets for Rejection |
Third |
| James Wang – Peters Township High School Multivariate Optimization with Charged Cloud Search |
Fourth |
| Alexandria Westray – Hillman Academy EEG-based BCI Classification of Distress in Individuals with ASD |
| Janise Kim – Fox Chapel Area High School Deep Learning-Based Approach for Optimizing COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution |
Senior Division Earth and Environment
|
First |
| Natalie McGee – Mt Lebanon Senior High School Examining the Effects of Marine Microplastics on Porifera Microbial Filtration |
Second |
| Rachel Bina – North Allegheny Senior High School Minimizing Vibrio cholerae in Aquatic Ecosystems using Phage |
Third |
| Margaret Hollobaugh – Freeport Area Senior High School Which Fabric Blend Attracts the Most Pollen? |
Fourth |
| Stella Swanson – St Joseph School Forest ash and the Germination of Lactuca sativa |
| Regina Palladino – Oakland Catholic High School Fast Fashion’s Detrimental Effects on Water and Plant Life |
Senior Division Engineering / Robotics
|
First |
| Andrew Pritchard – Central Catholic High School Finding the Best Infill Percentage for Flexible 3-D Printing |
Second |
| Pratham Agarwal – North Allegheny Senior High School ADRBot: An Arduino Disaster Relief Robot |
| Milun Jain – North Allegheny Senior High School ADRBot: An Arduino Disaster Relief Robot |
Third |
| Nina Cranor – Pittsburgh Science and Technology Academy Masks and Glasses: Clearing the Fog |
Fourth |
| Lucas Connell – Indiana Area Senior High School What is the Strongest Waste Bag? |
Senior Division Medicine / Health / Microbiology
|
First |
| Lakshanya Rajaganapathi – Fox Chapel Area High School Identification of a new player in the diabetic genome. |
Second |
| Michael Gao – North Hills Senior High School Activation of Novel Autophagy Pathways to Protect Hepatocyte Injury by Chloroquine |
Third |
| Amish Sethi – Pine-Richland High School Generation of Novel Drug Molecules with Specific Protein Targets Through a Graph Network and Custom Conditional Variational Autoencoder |
Fourth |
| Braden Thomas – Cambria Heights Senior High School Applying Personal Protective Equipment – The Donning Dock |
| Oscar Heller – Central Catholic High School Detecting Somatic Mutations in HER-2 Positive Breast Cancer Patients to Predict Drug Treatment Responses |
Senior Division Physics and Astronomy
|
First |
| Walter Vinoski – Yough Senior High School Bassoon Double Reed Analytics |
Second |
| Siddharth Yende – Fox Chapel Area High School The Effectiveness of Mylar Blankets and Applications of SAR |
Third |
| Andrew Kuzneski – Indiana Area Senior High School Your Family is Loud… And what you can do about it. |
Fourth |
| Brianna Coulson – Norwin High School Does UV light weaken your phone screen protector? |
Intermediate Division Biology
|
First |
| Devan Fayock – Campus School of Carlow University Does magnetization affect plant growth? |
Second |
| Liliana Claditis – Freeport Area Middle School The Effect of Microbeads on Daphnia magna Biological Processes |
Third |
| Sivon Feinberg – Community Day School Dogs Understanding of Human Language |
Intermediate Division Behavioral & Social Science
|
First |
| Mason Roberts – Campus School of Carlow University How do variations in a police lineup affect eyewitness identification accuracy? |
Second |
| Julia Skalniak – St Elizabeth Elementary School Can a Virtual Competitor Increase Scores in an Online Game? |
Third |
| JJ Nicolls – Freeport Area Middle School The Effect of Eye Color on Our Ability to Perceive Color |
Fourth |
| Alia Rapport – Community Day School Do People Associate Words with Colors? |
Intermediate Division Chemistry
|
First |
| Liliana D’Andrea – St Elizabeth Elementary School Invasion of the Microplastics |
Second |
| Bianca Udrea – Blessed Francis Seelos Academy I Can’t Stay in Bed because my Drink is so Red! |
Third |
| Liam Copeland – Franklin Regional Middle School/Franklin Regional High School What Material In Masks Prevents The Spread Of COVID-19 Best? |
Fourth |
| Lamar Abushaban – Pittsburgh Science and Technology Academy Saltwater Battery Power: Does the Type of Anode Matter? |
Intermediate Division Computer Science / Math
|
First |
| Samuel Tarr – Community Day School Using Linear And Non-Linear Methods To Predict The Stock Market |
Second |
| Eli Kranjec – Community Day School Parental Investment in a Digital Simulation”?” |
Third |
| Anukta Ashok – Pine-Richland Middle School CeleBytes |
| Sanika Dalvi – Pine-Richland Middle School CeleBytes |
Intermediate Division Consumer Science
|
First |
| Garrett King – Providence Heights Alpha School Which Brand of Whitening Strips Are Most Effective in Removing Coffee Stains? |
Second |
| Ilyssa Bails – Community Day School The Spoiling Rate of Different Types of Milk |
Third |
| Emily Funka – Providence Heights Alpha School What Solvent Will Be Best at Removing Permanent Marker Stains? |
Fourth |
| Matthew Evans – Campus School of Carlow University Are “Green” Detergents less toxic than conventional detergents? |
Intermediate Division Earth and Environment
|
First |
| Isabelle Stanley – Gateway Middle School Harnessing the power of wind turbines |
Second |
| Giacomo Lepore – Blessed Francis Seelos Academy Mostly Sunny with a Chance of Meatballs?! Global Warming Impacts on Weather Predicting- Giacomo Lepore |
Third |
| Phineas Hammer – Community Day School What is the best natural way to find Cardinal Direction? |
Fourth |
| Rin Suyama – Hampton Middle School Reducing the carbon footprint of a household through refuse intervention |
Intermediate Division Engineering / Robotics
|
First |
| Kaitlyn Desrochers – STEM Leadership Center Building an Autonomous Oxygen sensor for Neonatal Care |
Second |
| Aris Kralios – Pine-Richland Middle School Project Pebble |
Third |
| Shaun Fernando – Fernando Homeschool “Potamoi:” A Device and Data-Driven Mobile App Revolutionizing the Measurement, Storage and Presentation of Water Quality Metrics |
Fourth |
| Thomas Wingerter – St Elizabeth Elementary School Combining Forces: Reconfiguring Bridge Designs to Create a Hybrid Bridge |
Intermediate Division Medicine / Health / Microbiology
|
First |
| Etash Jhanji – Dorseyville Middle School What is the Safest Way to Clean Your Contact Lenses? |
Second |
| Natalia Connor – Campus School of Carlow University How much time does it take for UV light to kill bacteria? |
Third |
| Katie Dudkowski – Blessed Francis Seelos Academy How Much UVC Light Exposure is Enough to Kill E. Coli? |
Intermediate Division Physics and Astronomy
|
First |
| Lydia Beckerman – Pittsburgh Science and Technology Academy Hot Music: Seeing Sound Through Flames |
Second |
| Kendalyn Umbel – Queen of Angels Catholic School The Blue Light Fight |
Third |
| Julia Stilley – Greensburg Central Catholic Jr-Sr High School Growing Kale in Simulant Martian Regolith with Added Organic Fertilizers |
Fourth |
| Anna Humphreys – Campus School of Carlow University Does the texture of hair impact static electricity? |
Junior Division Behavioral & Consumer Sciences
|
First |
| Nolan Althof – Queen of Angels Catholic School Is Child Proof Actually Child Proof? |
Second |
| Azriel Heym – Community Day School Auditory illusions – More Than Meets the Eye |
Third |
| Alexa Stoltz – Providence Heights Alpha School Does Basketball Performance Vary With Temperature? |
Fourth |
| Irene Dillaman – Saint Bernard Regional School Smell the Flowers |
Junior Division Biological Sciences
|
First |
| Indie Pascal – Community Day School The Effect of Various Water Sources on Plant Growth |
Second |
| Lucia Doebler – Campus School of Carlow University What type of hand sanitizer is the most effective at killing bacteria? |
Third |
| Zev Adelson – Community Day School WHAT IS THE BEST WAY TO LOWER YOUR HEART RATE: An Aspect of Hibernation |
Junior Division Chemistry
|
First |
| Zain Ahmad – Hussain Homeschool Are cloth mask as effective as surgical mask? |
Second |
| Grace Copeland – Franklin Regional Middle School/Franklin Regional High School Does The Material In The Baking Sheet Affect The Cookie You Eat |
Third |
| Wren Peters – Queen of Angels Catholic School Rain, Rain Go Away |
Fourth |
| Cecelia Passero – Campus School of Carlow University Which brand of soda causes the most dental erosion |
Junior Division Physical Sciences & Engineering
|
First |
| Liam McMahen – Derry Area Middle School and Derry Area High School Finding the Ideal Launch Angle on a Baseball |
Second |
| Jordan Block – Community Day School Voltage of Regular vs Plexiglass Covered Solar Panels |
Third |
| Advait Chellaboina – South Fayette Township Middle School Wireless Power Transfer |
Fourth |
| Duncan Hubble – Dickson STEAM Academy What is the best firestarter? |
Perseverance Award Winners |
Honorary Scientists – 11th and 12th grade students with 5 or more years of participation |
| Abhi Ajay – North Allegheny Senior High School Stressing Telomeres & Free Radicals |
| Rachel Bina – North Allegheny Senior High School Minimizing Vibrio cholerae in Aquatic Ecosystems using Phage |
| Margaret Hollobaugh – Freeport Area Senior High School Which Fabric Blend Attracts the Most Pollen? |
| Amira Johnson – Pittsburgh Science and Technology Academy CCG Inhibits Cell Migration by Blocking MRTF-A Transcription |
| Janise Kim – Fox Chapel Area High School Deep Learning-Based Approach for Optimizing COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution |
| Zoe Lakkis – Fox Chapel Area High School Data Mining to Identify Therapeutic Targets for Rejection |
| Will Mason – St Joseph School Does the quantity of reactants effect exothermic reactions? |
| Chancharik Mitra – Moon Area High School Improving Time Complexity of the Quadratic Sieve Factoring Algorithm |
| Leeann Parsi – St Joseph School Identification of Mutations in the 5` Untranslated Region of the Sars-CoV-2 Genome |
| Praman Rai – South Fayette High School Smart Parking |
| Victoria Ren – North Allegheny Senior High School Longitudinal Trend of High School E-cigarette Usage by Race |
| Sanjay Seshan – Fox Chapel Area High School Lightweight assistive technology: A wearable, optical-fiber gesture recognition system. |
Associate Scientists – 11th and 12th grade students with three or four years and 10th grade students with four or five years of participation |
| Pratham Agarwal – North Allegheny Senior High School ADRBot: An Arduino Disaster Relief Robot |
| Regina Anand – Saint John Paul II Homeschool CO-OP Bioluminescence: A Study of Pyrocystis fusiformis |
| Vedha Avali – North Allegheny Senior High School Analysis of Effects of Socio-economic, Environmental and Other Factors on Human Mortality using Machine Learning |
| Hannah Barsouk – Pittsburgh Allderdice High School Cross-Species Complementation Experiment Exploring the Role of Mammalian α-Arrestins in Glucose Transporter Trafficking |
| Anand Bhat – Freeport Area Senior High School The Effectiveness of Wood Sealant on Different Types of Wood and Soak Time |
| Anita Bhat – Freeport Area Senior High School The Influence of Colored Light Frequency on Ambiguous Image Perception |
| Naga Riya Boppudi – North Allegheny Senior High School From a Sticky Situation to a Sticky Solution: Can Polystyrene be recycled into an Adhesive? |
| Colton Brenneman – Freeport Area Senior High School Effects of Natural Inhibitors on Blocking Quorum Sensing Interactions in Cultures of Vibrio fischeri |
| Ian Eckenrode – Cambria Heights Senior High School Smart Home Alerts with Convolutional Neural Networks |
| Allison Edwards – Oakland Catholic High School The Effect of Guarana: A Continued Exploration |
| James Ertter III – Cambria Heights Senior High School Compressed Air Car |
| Nathaniel Faber – North Allegheny Senior High School Payload Design: Will it Measure Up? |
| Milun Jain – North Allegheny Senior High School ADRBot: An Arduino Disaster Relief Robot |
| Elsie Lindsay – Freeport Area Senior High School Can Mushrooms Break Down Asphalt? |
| Steven Liu – Shady Side Academy Senior School Optimizing Nannochloropsis Growing Conditions for Biodiesel Production Through Analysis of Lipid Content |
| John O’Toole – North Catholic High School Can Preen Be Green? Part V: The Impact of Soil Mounding |
| Regina Palladino – Oakland Catholic High School Fast Fashion’s Detrimental Effects on Water and Plant Life |
| Brody Porter – St Joseph School Exploring More Biofuels from Fruits |
| Natasha Porwal – North Allegheny Senior High School Magnetic Reduction of Heavy Metal Soil Contamination |
| Andrew Pritchard – Central Catholic High School Finding the Best Infill Percentage for Flexible 3-D Printing |
| Nimish Rai – South Fayette High School Smart Parking |
| Kennedy Rogal – Cambria Heights Senior High School Does a Plant’s Environment Affect its Growth Rate? |
| Sarah Seader – Seader Homeschool Got Sugar? |
| Grace Seita – Freeport Area Senior High School The Effect of Time Limit Stressors on Short-Term Memory |
| Arvind Seshan – Fox Chapel Area High School Enabling High-Accuracy Human Activity Recognition with Fine-Grained Indoor Localization |
| Nathan Smith – Seneca Valley High School Meta-Analysis of the Interactions of Strange Matter |
| Yuvan Suresh – North Allegheny Senior High School Where is the Water? |
| Kelly Tang – North Allegheny Senior High School Microplastics in Soil: Effects on Earthworms |
| Benjamin Tarr – Pittsburgh Allderdice High School Fully Integrated Localization Solution for FIRST Robots |
| Braden Thomas – Cambria Heights Senior High School Applying Personal Protective Equipment – The Donning Dock |
| Walter Vinoski – Yough Senior High School Bassoon Double Reed Analytics |
| Elise Whitlinger – Freeport Area Senior High School Task Completion Ability of Individuals With/Out Crossed-Laterality |
| Ashley Winnor – Greensburg Central Catholic Jr-Sr High School Determining Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Natural Compounds Against E. coli and B. cereus |
Junior Scientists – 8th or 9th grade students with three or four years and 10th grade students with three years of participation |
| Hannah Adelson – Community Day School What’s there to gain from LEDs? |
| Yara AlMoussa – Pittsburgh Science and Technology Academy GMO vs Organic Papaya’s Effects on Drosophila Melanogaster Generations |
| Ashley Arner – Freeport Area Senior High School The Physiological Response of Fear |
| Emaan Ashfaq – Ashfaq Homeschool Herbicides and the Biodiversity of Soil |
| Mena Catanzarite – Our Lady of Fatima School Will Plants Grow More or Less or Be Unaffected in Polluted Soil |
| Nina Cranor – Pittsburgh Science and Technology Academy Masks and Glasses: Clearing the Fog |
| Joselle Cribbs – Saint Bernard Regional School Melting Ice |
| Elaine Gombos – Shady Side Academy Senior School Investigating Wide Melting Point Ranges of Aqueous Solutions |
| Ava Halligan – Upper St. Clair High School Is Today’s 2019 Model of the Wind Turbine Truly the Key to a Sustainable Future? |
| Siya Jain – North Allegheny Senior High School Directly Filtering Car Exhaust Into Cleaner Fumes |
| Gayath Karunaratne – Westmont Hilltop Junior/Senior High School Herd Immunity in COVID19 |
| Elizabeth Kinney – Cambria Heights Senior High School What are the Best Granular Absorbents to Use On Oil Spills? |
| Zachary Kovell – Our Lady of Fatima School Who can Jump the Highest? |
| Eli Kranjec – Community Day School Parental Investment in a Digital Simulation”?” |
| Anne Lindsay – Freeport Area Senior High School Determining the Best Adhesive for a Titanium Dioxide Water Bottle Coating |
| Thomas Moses – Our Lady of Fatima School Electrolyte Challenge |
| Olina Mukherjee – Pittsburgh Allderdice High School Neural Networks: How Software can Learn from Experience |
| Rohan Reddy – North Allegheny Senior High School Improving Voice Recognition Software with Pitch |
| Ashley Rivetti – Our Lady of Fatima School Splitting Water |
| Anshul Shah – North Allegheny Senior High School Improving Voice Recognition Software with Pitch |
| Aneri Shethji – North Allegheny Senior High School Retrospective Trend Analysis of COVID-19 Data |
| Samuel Tarr – Community Day School Using Linear And Non-Linear Methods To Predict The Stock Market |
| Adhitya Thirumala – Fox Chapel Area High School S. W. I. F. T. for Birds |
| David Thomas – North Catholic High School The Effects of Cannabidiol on Growth, Reproduction, and Geroprotective Factors on Caenorhabditis elegans |
| Kendalyn Umbel – Queen of Angels Catholic School The Blue Light Fight |
| Adriana Valvo – Our Lady of Fatima School Rotten Fruit |
| Bridget Waterhouse – Saint Bernard Regional School Extreme Spheres |
Sponsor Award Winners |
Air and Waste Management Association of Western PA Section |
| Shaun Fernando – Fernando Homeschool “Potamoi:” A Device and Data-Driven Mobile App Revolutionizing the Measurement, Storage and Presentation of Water Quality Metrics |
| Shagufta Haque – Indiana Area Senior High School Extracting Microplastics from Tap and Bottled Water |
ALCOSAN |
| Elsie Lindsay – Freeport Area Senior High School Can Mushrooms Break Down Asphalt? |
| Lauren Osth – Campus School of Carlow University What is the most cost effective way to create your own water filter? |
Allegheny County Health Department |
| Deric Bono – South Fayette Township Middle School Titanium Powder Flammability Study |
| Shaun Fernando – Fernando Homeschool “Potamoi:” A Device and Data-Driven Mobile App Revolutionizing the Measurement, Storage and Presentation of Water Quality Metrics |
| Natalie McGee – Mt Lebanon Senior High School Examining the Effects of Marine Microplastics on Porifera Microbial Filtration |
| Shomik Telang – North Allegheny Senior High School Autoscreening: App created to automate and simplify COVID-19 screening process |
Allegheny County Medical Society Alliance |
| Breanna Franchak – Pine-Richland High School A Multi-Variable County Analysis for the Markers of Higher COVID-19 Case Rates in Pennsylvania |
| Natalie McLean – Pine-Richland High School A Multi-Variable County Analysis for the Markers of Higher COVID-19 Case Rates in Pennsylvania |
| Sreyashi Mondal – Pine-Richland High School A Multi-Variable County Analysis for the Markers of Higher COVID-19 Case Rates in Pennsylvania |
| Nick Nedzesky – Seneca Valley High School The Effects of Glycerol on Biofilm Production |
American Chemical Society |
| Lamar Abushaban – Pittsburgh Science and Technology Academy Saltwater Battery Power: Does the Type of Anode Matter? |
| Grace Wang – Franklin Regional Middle School/Franklin Regional High School Designing Effective Superabsorbent Beads Using Photopolymerization 3D printing |
American Industrial Hygiene Association |
| Michael Nazelrod – Southern Garrett High School Avoiding Fogging of Eye-glasses When Wearing a Mask |
| Evie Passero – Campus School of Carlow University Testing the effectiveness and reuse of masks |
American Society of Civil Engineers, Pittsburgh Section |
| Grant Brewer – Greensburg Central Catholic Jr-Sr High School The Influence of Foundation Design on Seismic Stability |
| Natalie McGee – Mt Lebanon Senior High School Examining the Effects of Marine Microplastics on Porifera Microbial Filtration |
American Statistical Association, Pittsburgh Chapter |
| Anita Bhat – Freeport Area Senior High School The Influence of Colored Light Frequency on Ambiguous Image Perception |
| Victoria Ren – North Allegheny Senior High School Longitudinal Trend of High School E-cigarette Usage by Race |
Braskem America |
| Lucas Connell – Indiana Area Senior High School What is the Strongest Waste Bag? |
| Venice Lin – North Allegheny Senior High School The Transition to a Clean Automotive Sector with Hydrogen-powered Combustion Cycles |
| Anthony Puthenpurackal – North Allegheny Senior High School The Transition to a Clean Automotive Sector with Hydrogen-powered Combustion Cycles |
Carnegie Mellon University – Leonard Gelfand Center |
| Sanjay Seshan – Fox Chapel Area High School Lightweight assistive technology: A wearable, optical-fiber gesture recognition system. |
| Grace Wang – Franklin Regional Middle School/Franklin Regional High School Designing Effective Superabsorbent Beads Using Photopolymerization 3D printing |
Carnegie Mellon University Chapter of Sigma Xi |
| Kathryn Huth – St Joseph School The Effects of Covid-19 Shutdowns on Light Pollution |
| Amish Sethi – Pine-Richland High School Generation of Novel Drug Molecules with Specific Protein Targets Through a Graph Network and Custom Conditional Variational Autoencoder |
Carnegie Mellon University Ren Lab |
| Hannah Barsouk – Pittsburgh Allderdice High School Cross-Species Complementation Experiment Exploring the Role of Mammalian α-Arrestins in Glucose Transporter Trafficking |
| Leeann Parsi – St Joseph School Identification of Mutations in the 5` Untranslated Region of the Sars-CoV-2 Genome |
Chemical Association of Pittsburgh |
| Deric Bono – South Fayette Township Middle School Titanium Powder Flammability Study |
| Aiden Frederick – Blacklick Valley Junior/Senior High School Does the Sourness of citrus fruits affect the voltage of electric current |
Covestro LLC |
| Hannah Adelson – Community Day School What’s there to gain from LEDs? |
| Aspen Blystone – Derry Area Middle School and Derry Area High School How Air Pressure Affect Traction |
| Naga Riya Boppudi – North Allegheny Senior High School From a Sticky Situation to a Sticky Solution: Can Polystyrene be recycled into an Adhesive? |
| Natalie McGee – Mt Lebanon Senior High School Examining the Effects of Marine Microplastics on Porifera Microbial Filtration |
| Trista Newman – Indiana Area Senior High School Smog Paint’s Effectiveness on Air Pollution |
| Brody Porter – St Joseph School Exploring More Biofuels from Fruits |
| Rin Suyama – Hampton Middle School Reducing the carbon footprint of a household through refuse intervention |
| Kelly Tang – North Allegheny Senior High School Microplastics in Soil: Effects on Earthworms |
| Grace Wang – Franklin Regional Middle School/Franklin Regional High School Designing Effective Superabsorbent Beads Using Photopolymerization 3D printing |
| Victor Wu – Indiana Area Senior High School Investigating Biofuels (Continuation) |
Eaton |
| Lamar Abushaban – Pittsburgh Science and Technology Academy Saltwater Battery Power: Does the Type of Anode Matter? |
| Advait Chellaboina – South Fayette Township Middle School Wireless Power Transfer |
| Lucas Connell – Indiana Area Senior High School What is the Strongest Waste Bag? |
| Jacob Franks – Freeport Area Middle School Does the Density of a Metal Correlate to its Electrical Conductivity? |
| Sanjay Seshan – Fox Chapel Area High School Lightweight assistive technology: A wearable, optical-fiber gesture recognition system. |
| Param Thawani – Dorseyville Middle School Electromagnetic Crane |
|
|
| Melanie Navaratna – Indiana Area Senior High School Machine Learning for Improving Non-American English Speech Recognition |
| Alexandria Westray – Hillman Academy EEG-based BCI Classification of Distress in Individuals with ASD |
FedEx Ground |
| Jordan Block – Community Day School Voltage of Regular vs Plexiglass Covered Solar Panels |
| Advait Chellaboina – South Fayette Township Middle School Wireless Power Transfer |
| Joselle Cribbs – Saint Bernard Regional School Melting Ice |
| Yahya Farag – Indiana Area Senior High School Recreating Muscle-like Compliance in Robots |
| William Greenway – Gateway Middle School Futuristic Magnet Train |
| Alex Kim – Dorseyville Middle School Maximizing Battery Efficiency Through Electrolyte Temperature and Acidity |
| Steven Liu – Shady Side Academy Senior School Optimizing Nannochloropsis Growing Conditions for Biodiesel Production Through Analysis of Lipid Content |
| Abigail Miller-Peterson – Pittsburgh Allderdice High School Modeling Impacts in Hand-Like Robots |
| Arvind Seshan – Fox Chapel Area High School Enabling High-Accuracy Human Activity Recognition with Fine-Grained Indoor Localization |
| Isabelle Stanley – Gateway Middle School Harnessing the power of wind turbines |
| Param Thawani – Dorseyville Middle School Electromagnetic Crane |
| Victor Wu – Indiana Area Senior High School Investigating Biofuels (Continuation) |
Fluor Marine Propulsion, LLC |
| Liam McMahen – Derry Area Middle School and Derry Area High School Finding the Ideal Launch Angle on a Baseball |
| Greta Reis – Community Day School Determining the Most Effective Laundry Detergent |
HATCH |
| Jordan Block – Community Day School Voltage of Regular vs Plexiglass Covered Solar Panels |
| Shaun Fernando – Fernando Homeschool “Potamoi:” A Device and Data-Driven Mobile App Revolutionizing the Measurement, Storage and Presentation of Water Quality Metrics |
| Audrey Gregori – Freeport Area Senior High School Does Adding Volcanic Ash to Concrete Make it Stronger? |
| Venice Lin – North Allegheny Senior High School The Transition to a Clean Automotive Sector with Hydrogen-powered Combustion Cycles |
| Anthony Puthenpurackal – North Allegheny Senior High School The Transition to a Clean Automotive Sector with Hydrogen-powered Combustion Cycles |
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc |
| Anuva Ghosalkar – Winchester Thurston School Healthcare based Evidence driven Communication for Autism (HECA) |
| Liam McMahen – Derry Area Middle School and Derry Area High School Finding the Ideal Launch Angle on a Baseball |
| Aria Narasimhan – Winchester Thurston School Healthcare based Evidence driven Communication for Autism (HECA) |
| Rishika Somireddy – Winchester Thurston School Healthcare based Evidence driven Communication for Autism (HECA) |
| Benjamin Tarr – Pittsburgh Allderdice High School Fully Integrated Localization Solution for FIRST Robots |
| Samuel Tarr – Community Day School Using Linear And Non-Linear Methods To Predict The Stock Market |
Magee-Womens Research Institute |
| Regina Anand – Saint John Paul II Homeschool CO-OP Bioluminescence: A Study of Pyrocystis fusiformis |
| Elise Whitlinger – Freeport Area Senior High School Task Completion Ability of Individuals With/Out Crossed-Laterality |
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) |
| Hanna Lowden – Pittsburgh Allderdice High School The Effects of PFOA Exposure through Consumer Goods on the Liver |
| Arvind Seshan – Fox Chapel Area High School Enabling High-Accuracy Human Activity Recognition with Fine-Grained Indoor Localization |
Pittsburgh Coal Mining Institute of America |
| Pratham Agarwal – North Allegheny Senior High School ADRBot: An Arduino Disaster Relief Robot |
| Milun Jain – North Allegheny Senior High School ADRBot: An Arduino Disaster Relief Robot |
Pittsburgh Geological Society |
| Adia Boccella – Campus School of Carlow University What method is most effective in preventing soil erosion? |
| Caleigh Cessna – Indiana Area Senior High School Additional Crystallization of Submarine Volcanic Tephra |
Pittsburgh Intellectual Property Law Association |
| Julia Davis – Southern Garrett High School Insulation Innovation: Testing Vacuum Performance |
| Sanjay Seshan – Fox Chapel Area High School Lightweight assistive technology: A wearable, optical-fiber gesture recognition system. |
Pittsburgh Psychoanalytic Center |
| Anita Bhat – Freeport Area Senior High School The Influence of Colored Light Frequency on Ambiguous Image Perception |
| Audra Moore – Indiana Area Senior High School Impact of Mask Wearing on Facial Expression Recognition |
PPG Industries, Inc. |
| Lamar Abushaban – Pittsburgh Science and Technology Academy Saltwater Battery Power: Does the Type of Anode Matter? |
| Naga Riya Boppudi – North Allegheny Senior High School From a Sticky Situation to a Sticky Solution: Can Polystyrene be recycled into an Adhesive? |
| Grace Copeland – Franklin Regional Middle School/Franklin Regional High School Does The Material In The Baking Sheet Affect The Cookie You Eat |
| Bella Cribbs – Saint Bernard Regional School Flowing Icecream |
| Jacob Franks – Freeport Area Middle School Does the Density of a Metal Correlate to its Electrical Conductivity? |
| Maya Legersky – Mt Lebanon Senior High School Increasing the Efficiency of Photovoltaic Cells |
| MaryClaire Sherman – Greensburg Central Catholic Jr-Sr High School The Effect of Hand Sanitizer on the Growth Rate of E. Coli |
| Chennie Wang – Shady Side Academy Senior School Powder Coating and Diffusion Alloying for EV Grade Electrical Steels |
Princeton Alumni Association of WPA |
| Zoe Lakkis – Fox Chapel Area High School Data Mining to Identify Therapeutic Targets for Rejection |
| Shomik Telang – North Allegheny Senior High School Autoscreening: App created to automate and simplify COVID-19 screening process |
Range Resources-Appalachia, LLC |
| Sarah Lavelle – Hampton Middle School Hellbender Exploration |
| Rebecca Schiavone – Shaler Area High School The Effectiveness of Sorbents in Marine Oil Spills |
Society for Analytical Chemists of Pittsburgh |
| Lamar Abushaban – Pittsburgh Science and Technology Academy Saltwater Battery Power: Does the Type of Anode Matter? |
| Deric Bono – South Fayette Township Middle School Titanium Powder Flammability Study |
| Shaun Fernando – Fernando Homeschool “Potamoi:” A Device and Data-Driven Mobile App Revolutionizing the Measurement, Storage and Presentation of Water Quality Metrics |
| Emily Laughlin – Derry Area Middle School and Derry Area High School What is the most explosive soda with Mentoes |
| Steven Liu – Shady Side Academy Senior School Optimizing Nannochloropsis Growing Conditions for Biodiesel Production Through Analysis of Lipid Content |
| Chapin Nienhuis – Pittsburgh Science and Technology Academy How do water purifiers purify water in different ways? |
| Greta Reis – Community Day School Determining the Most Effective Laundry Detergent |
| Victor Wu – Indiana Area Senior High School Investigating Biofuels (Continuation) |
Society for Mining, Metallurgy & Exploration |
| Pratham Agarwal – North Allegheny Senior High School ADRBot: An Arduino Disaster Relief Robot |
| Milun Jain – North Allegheny Senior High School ADRBot: An Arduino Disaster Relief Robot |
Society of American Military Engineers – Pittsburgh Post |
| Alex Kim – Dorseyville Middle School Maximizing Battery Efficiency Through Electrolyte Temperature and Acidity |
| Athena Yang – Indiana Area Senior High School Copper Oxide Photovoltaic Cell |
Society of Women Engineers |
| Kaitlyn Desrochers – STEM Leadership Center Building an Autonomous Oxygen sensor for Neonatal Care |
| Janise Kim – Fox Chapel Area High School Deep Learning-Based Approach for Optimizing COVID-19 Vaccine Distribution |
Spectroscopy Society of Pittsburgh |
| Jordan Block – Community Day School Voltage of Regular vs Plexiglass Covered Solar Panels |
| Colton Brenneman – Freeport Area Senior High School Effects of Natural Inhibitors on Blocking Quorum Sensing Interactions in Cultures of Vibrio fischeri |
| Katie Dudkowski – Blessed Francis Seelos Academy How Much UVC Light Exposure is Enough to Kill E. Coli? |
| Etash Jhanji – Dorseyville Middle School What is the Safest Way to Clean Your Contact Lenses? |
| Anne Lindsay – Freeport Area Senior High School Determining the Best Adhesive for a Titanium Dioxide Water Bottle Coating |
| Nick Nedzesky – Seneca Valley High School The Effects of Glycerol on Biofilm Production |
| Bianca Udrea – Blessed Francis Seelos Academy I Can’t Stay in Bed because my Drink is so Red! |
The Webb Law Firm |
| Advait Chellaboina – South Fayette Township Middle School Wireless Power Transfer |
| Benjamin Tarr – Pittsburgh Allderdice High School Fully Integrated Localization Solution for FIRST Robots |
Thiel College |
| Yash Botre – Mt Lebanon Senior High School Predicting the Stock Market using Artificial Intelligence |
| Hannah Shin – North Allegheny Senior High School Fearfully Forgetful: Intersectional Genomic Analysis of Alzheimer’s Disease and Anxiety |
University of Pittsburgh, Department of Neuroscience |
| Erika Rispoli – Ellis School Understanding mechanisms of MDD: model extension of the BDNF-NF%u03BAB pathway using VIOLIN |
| Hannah Shin – North Allegheny Senior High School Fearfully Forgetful: Intersectional Genomic Analysis of Alzheimer’s Disease and Anxiety |
Young Women in Bio |
| Montana Geibel – St Joseph School The effects of nano-silver on Daphnia |
| Shivani Umesh – Seneca Valley High School Assessing the Role of Nutrition in Covid-19 Infection Rates |
Scholarship Award Winners |
Carlow University |
| Catherine Clark – Shaler Area High School The Effect of Soil pH on Plants in Low Water Conditions |
| Julie Fekete – Norwin High School Color of Solar Cover vs. Algae Growth |
| Braden Thomas – Cambria Heights Senior High School Applying Personal Protective Equipment – The Donning Dock |
Carnegie Mellon University |
| Landon Colaresi – Pittsburgh Allderdice High School Clustering Graphs to Detect Malware |
| Natalie McGee – Mt Lebanon Senior High School Examining the Effects of Marine Microplastics on Porifera Microbial Filtration |
Chatham University |
| Erika Rispoli – Ellis School Understanding mechanisms of MDD: model extension of the BDNF-NF%u03BAB pathway using VIOLIN |
Gannon University |
| Miracle Bynum – Avonworth High School Physics and Dance |
| Alexis Chvala – North Catholic High School Looking Youthful While Aging |
| Kathryn Huth – St Joseph School The Effects of Covid-19 Shutdowns on Light Pollution |
| Elsie Lindsay – Freeport Area Senior High School Can Mushrooms Break Down Asphalt? |
| Brody Porter – St Joseph School Exploring More Biofuels from Fruits |
| Kennedy Rogal – Cambria Heights Senior High School Does a Plant’s Environment Affect its Growth Rate? |
| Yuvan Suresh – North Allegheny Senior High School Where is the Water? |
| Braden Thomas – Cambria Heights Senior High School Applying Personal Protective Equipment – The Donning Dock |
Indiana University of Pennsylvania (IUP) |
| Veronica Koval – St Joseph School The Effects of Carrageenan on the Regeneration of Planaria |
| Elsie Lindsay – Freeport Area Senior High School Can Mushrooms Break Down Asphalt? |
| Trista Newman – Indiana Area Senior High School Smog Paint’s Effectiveness on Air Pollution |
| Vishnu Venugopal – Mt Lebanon Senior High School Winning Monopoly with Property Statistics using Java |
La Roche College |
| Regina Anand – Saint John Paul II Homeschool CO-OP Bioluminescence: A Study of Pyrocystis fusiformis |
| Natalie Barkley – Norwin High School BPA in Plastic Water Bottles |
| Will Mason – St Joseph School Does the quantity of reactants effect exothermic reactions? |
| Isabella Yuha – Indiana Area Senior High School The Effects of Detergent on Pond Water |
Mount Aloysius College |
| Natalie Barkley – Norwin High School BPA in Plastic Water Bottles |
| Sara Huelskamp – Northern Garrett High School The Effect Of Battery Voltage On D/C Motor Speed And How Those Two Factors Are Proportional. |
| Trista Newman – Indiana Area Senior High School Smog Paint’s Effectiveness on Air Pollution |
| Leeann Parsi – St Joseph School Identification of Mutations in the 5` Untranslated Region of the Sars-CoV-2 Genome |
| Kennedy Rogal – Cambria Heights Senior High School Does a Plant’s Environment Affect its Growth Rate? |
| Grace Seita – Freeport Area Senior High School The Effect of Time Limit Stressors on Short-Term Memory |
| Braden Thomas – Cambria Heights Senior High School Applying Personal Protective Equipment – The Donning Dock |
| Sophie Von Oldenburg – Norwin High School Arson or Accidental: The hot debate |
Penn State Greater Allegheny |
| Abby Killam – Indiana Area Senior High School Landfill Luthier: Recycling Paper to Supplement Strings |
| Sarina Krishnaswamy – Upper St. Clair High School Patterns In Influenza RNA Mutations |
| Hanna Lowden – Pittsburgh Allderdice High School The Effects of PFOA Exposure through Consumer Goods on the Liver |
| Audra Moore – Indiana Area Senior High School Impact of Mask Wearing on Facial Expression Recognition |
| Melanie Navaratna – Indiana Area Senior High School Machine Learning for Improving Non-American English Speech Recognition |
| Nick Nedzesky – Seneca Valley High School The Effects of Glycerol on Biofilm Production |
| Leeann Parsi – St Joseph School Identification of Mutations in the 5` Untranslated Region of the Sars-CoV-2 Genome |
| Anthony Puthenpurackal – North Allegheny Senior High School The Transition to a Clean Automotive Sector with Hydrogen-powered Combustion Cycles |
| Erika Rispoli – Ellis School Understanding mechanisms of MDD: model extension of the BDNF-NF%u03BAB pathway using VIOLIN |
| Autumn Smith – Indiana Area Senior High School What kind of harmful bacteria could be in your stainless steel water bottle? |
| Victor Wu – Indiana Area Senior High School Investigating Biofuels (Continuation) |
Point Park University |
| Lucas Connell – Indiana Area Senior High School What is the Strongest Waste Bag? |
| Isabella Yuha – Indiana Area Senior High School The Effects of Detergent on Pond Water |
Saint Vincent College |
| Regina Anand – Saint John Paul II Homeschool CO-OP Bioluminescence: A Study of Pyrocystis fusiformis |
| Sara Huelskamp – Northern Garrett High School The Effect Of Battery Voltage On D/C Motor Speed And How Those Two Factors Are Proportional. |
| Will Mason – St Joseph School Does the quantity of reactants effect exothermic reactions? |
| Brody Porter – St Joseph School Exploring More Biofuels from Fruits |
| Braden Thomas – Cambria Heights Senior High School Applying Personal Protective Equipment – The Donning Dock |
Seton Hill University |
| Yara AlMoussa – Pittsburgh Science and Technology Academy GMO vs Organic Papaya’s Effects on Drosophila Melanogaster Generations |
| Anita Bhat – Freeport Area Senior High School The Influence of Colored Light Frequency on Ambiguous Image Perception |
| Kathryn Huth – St Joseph School The Effects of Covid-19 Shutdowns on Light Pollution |
| Grace Seita – Freeport Area Senior High School The Effect of Time Limit Stressors on Short-Term Memory |
Thiel College |
| Natalie Barkley – Norwin High School BPA in Plastic Water Bottles |
| Alexis Chvala – North Catholic High School Looking Youthful While Aging |
| Elsie Lindsay – Freeport Area Senior High School Can Mushrooms Break Down Asphalt? |
| Regina Palladino – Oakland Catholic High School Fast Fashion’s Detrimental Effects on Water and Plant Life |
University of Pittsburgh at Bradford |
| Abby Killam – Indiana Area Senior High School Landfill Luthier: Recycling Paper to Supplement Strings |
| Valor Lekas – Hampton High School Botanic System Conservation: How Can the Adaptations of Desert Plants Influence Human-Made Systems of Water Conservation? |
| Natalie McGee – Mt Lebanon Senior High School Examining the Effects of Marine Microplastics on Porifera Microbial Filtration |
| Melanie Navaratna – Indiana Area Senior High School Machine Learning for Improving Non-American English Speech Recognition |
Washington and Jefferson College |
| Abby Killam – Indiana Area Senior High School Landfill Luthier: Recycling Paper to Supplement Strings |
| David Thomas – North Catholic High School The Effects of Cannabidiol on Growth, Reproduction, and Geroprotective Factors on Caenorhabditis elegans |
| Grace Wang – Franklin Regional Middle School/Franklin Regional High School Designing Effective Superabsorbent Beads Using Photopolymerization 3D printing |
| Kahriya Whittington – Indiana Area Senior High School Performative Activism |
Affiliated Sponsor Award Winners |
American Meteorological Society |
| Daniel Levin – Pittsburgh Allderdice High School Evaluation of Particulate Matter (PM2.5) and Tropospheric Ozone on Interactions Between Wild Pollinators and Trifolium Repens |
| Trista Newman – Indiana Area Senior High School Smog Paint’s Effectiveness on Air Pollution |
American Psychological Association |
| Mason Roberts – Campus School of Carlow University How do variations in a police lineup affect eyewitness identification accuracy? |
ASM Materials Education Foundation |
| Grace Wang – Franklin Regional Middle School/Franklin Regional High School Designing Effective Superabsorbent Beads Using Photopolymerization 3D printing |
Association for Women Geoscientists |
| Rebecca Schiavone – Shaler Area High School The Effectiveness of Sorbents in Marine Oil Spills |
Broadcom Coding with Commitment Award |
| Shaun Fernando – Fernando Homeschool “Potamoi:” A Device and Data-Driven Mobile App Revolutionizing the Measurement, Storage and Presentation of Water Quality Metrics |
Lemelson Early Inventor Prize |
| Shaun Fernando – Fernando Homeschool “Potamoi:” A Device and Data-Driven Mobile App Revolutionizing the Measurement, Storage and Presentation of Water Quality Metrics |
MU Alpha Theta |
| Amish Sethi – Pine-Richland High School Generation of Novel Drug Molecules with Specific Protein Targets Through a Graph Network and Custom Conditional Variational Autoencoder |
NASA Earth System Science Award |
| Julia Stilley – Greensburg Central Catholic Jr-Sr High School Growing Kale in Simulant Martian Regolith with Added Organic Fertilizers |
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) |
| Kathryn Huth – St Joseph School The Effects of Covid-19 Shutdowns on Light Pollution |
Office of Naval Research, U.S. Navy and U.S. Marine Corps. |
| Grant Brewer – Greensburg Central Catholic Jr-Sr High School The Influence of Foundation Design on Seismic Stability |
| Robert Famiglietti – Pittsburgh Science and Technology Academy COVID-19’s Evolution & Clinical Implications |
| Yahya Farag – Indiana Area Senior High School Recreating Muscle-like Compliance in Robots |
| Kathryn Huth – St Joseph School The Effects of Covid-19 Shutdowns on Light Pollution |
| Sophia Levin – Pittsburgh Allderdice High School Impacts of Online Learning for Pittsburgh K-2 Students |
| Leeann Parsi – St Joseph School Identification of Mutations in the 5` Untranslated Region of the Sars-CoV-2 Genome |
| Mason Roberts – Campus School of Carlow University How do variations in a police lineup affect eyewitness identification accuracy? |
| Sanjay Seshan – Fox Chapel Area High School Lightweight assistive technology: A wearable, optical-fiber gesture recognition system. |
| Yuvan Suresh – North Allegheny Senior High School Where is the Water? |
| Maxim Yaskolko – Pittsburgh Allderdice High School Effects of Vascular Normalizing Agents on Immune Marker Expression in T cells, Dendritic Cells, and Melanoma Cells |
Regeneron Biomedical Award |
| Oscar Heller – Central Catholic High School Detecting Somatic Mutations in HER-2 Positive Breast Cancer Patients to Predict Drug Treatment Responses |
Ricoh USA Inc. |
| Steven Liu – Shady Side Academy Senior School Optimizing Nannochloropsis Growing Conditions for Biodiesel Production Through Analysis of Lipid Content |
Society for In Vitro Biology |
| Natalie McGee – Mt Lebanon Senior High School Examining the Effects of Marine Microplastics on Porifera Microbial Filtration |
U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) |
| Aris Kralios – Pine-Richland Middle School Project Pebble |
U.S. Air Force |
| Yahya Farag – Indiana Area Senior High School Recreating Muscle-like Compliance in Robots |
U.S. Metric Association |
| Siddharth Yende – Fox Chapel Area High School The Effectiveness of Mylar Blankets and Applications of SAR |
U.S. Stockholm Junior Water Prize |
| Rachel Bina – North Allegheny Senior High School Minimizing Vibrio cholerae in Aquatic Ecosystems using Phage |
| Valor Lekas – Hampton High School Botanic System Conservation: How Can the Adaptations of Desert Plants Influence Human-Made Systems of Water Conservation? |
| Natalie McGee – Mt Lebanon Senior High School Examining the Effects of Marine Microplastics on Porifera Microbial Filtration |
Yale Science and Engineering Association |
| Ashley Winnor – Greensburg Central Catholic Jr-Sr High School Determining Antimicrobial Effectiveness of Natural Compounds Against E. coli and B. cereus |
